Impact of Intracavity Power Variations toward Ultrashort Pulse Generation

This study demonstrates a passive mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser with graphene nanoplatelet-saturable absorber (GNP-SA) that generates ultrashort pulses within femtosecond pulse duration. The GNP-SA is fabricated via direct transfer approach by mechanically exfoliated on ferrule. Its characteristics include 0.8% modulation depth, 8.7 MW/cm2 saturation fluence, and 36.8% absorbance. quality of studied variation intracavity circulating powers controlled through an optical coupler. By changing the light intensity in cavity, amplification property also impacted. increment output coupling ratio increases population inversion active gain medium, which leads to change lasing wavelength from 1558 1532 nm. Using 50% ratio, 960 fs duration, 11.08 MHz repetition rate, 6.05 mW power. contributes understanding oscillating behavior while its power affects properties.